Method · checked 12 October 2026
How the tests are written
1,530 state questions and 41 road sign questions, each written in our own words from one passage of an official source, linked to that passage, and checked again before it is published.
1. One source per state: its own handbook
For each state we read the driver handbook or manual on the state’s own site, and the state’s pages about the knowledge test and the learner permit. We never take a fact from another practice site, an app or a third-party guide. The handbook’s title, edition and the date we read it are on each state’s page.
2. Our own words
Facts belong to no one, but sentences do. Every question and explanation is written fresh from the fact; we do not copy handbook sentences or any existing practice question. At least two thirds of each state’s questions test something that state sets out in its own numbers or rules, because that is what the real test checks and what a one-size-fits-all test gets wrong; the second session checks that too.
3. One right answer, and the reason
Each question has one answer beyond argument and three or four options, with no trick wording and no “all of the above”. The explanation says why the answer is right and what the driver should do, and names its source: the handbook chapter and section, with the page where the handbook has page numbers (a few states publish theirs as web pages, and Texas’s questions cite its statutes).
4. Checked twice
A second session, separate from the one that wrote them, checks every question against the handbook passage it cites before it goes on the site. Questions it cannot confirm are rewritten or dropped. An automated check then refuses any file with a missing source, a source off the state’s official site, a duplicate question or answers bunched in one position.
5. Road signs
Signs, pavement markings and signal lights follow one national standard, the federal Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (11th Edition with Revision 1, December 2025), so the road signs questions are written from it. The drawings are our own, in the standard shapes and colors.
6. Keeping up
States revise their handbooks and tests. We aim to re-read each state’s sources once a year, and we re-read a state whenever a reader tells us a rule has changed. If you find one, email hello@drivingtestpractice.app with the state and the page.
Every state’s sources
- Alabama: Alabama Driver Manual (November 2024), read 2026-10-12
- Alaska: Alaska Driver Manual (Rev. 10/2025), read 2026-10-12
- Arizona: Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide (99-0117) (Revised March 2026), read 2026-10-12
- Arkansas: Arkansas Driver License Study Guide, Volume 1 (Volume 1, Edition 10, October 2026), read 2026-10-12
- California: California Driver's Handbook (online edition (matches the PDF © Department of Motor Vehicles 2025)), read 2026-10-12
- Colorado: Colorado Driver Handbook (DR 2337) (DR 2337 (12/05/24), posted as the January 2025 edition), read 2026-10-12
- Connecticut: State of Connecticut Driver's Manual (Revised March 2023), read 2026-10-12
- Delaware: Delaware Driver Manual (July 2026), read 2026-10-12
- District of Columbia: DC DMV Driver Manual (Rev. 7/29/2021 (the edition DC DMV served as a PDF; the January 2024 update is published only as an Issuu flipbook, which could not be read)), read 2026-10-12
- Florida: Official Florida Driver License Handbook (Class E) (rev. 08/2023 (PDF metadata title "Florida Class E Driver License Handbook 2023")), read 2026-10-12
- Georgia: Georgia Drivers' Manual (2023-2024), read 2026-10-12
- Hawaii: Hawaii Driver's Manual (2023 (printed HMG 5/2023; digital file dated July 2024)), read 2026-10-12
- Idaho: Idaho Driver's Handbook (July 2026), read 2026-10-12
- Illinois: Illinois Rules of the Road (2026 (printed July 2026, DSD A 112.47)), read 2026-10-12
- Indiana: Indiana Driver's Manual (online PDF, undated on its pages (file created June 2026, revised July 2026)), read 2026-10-12
- Iowa: Iowa Driver's License Manual (online PDF, undated on its pages (file last changed July 2026)), read 2026-10-12
- Kansas: Kansas Driving Handbook (Non-Commercial Driver's Manual) (Revised February 2022 (AAMVA 09 Model Test Version)), read 2026-10-12
- Kentucky: Kentucky Driver Manual (updated July 23, 2026), read 2026-10-12
- Louisiana: Louisiana Class D & E Driver's Guide (DPSMV2052 (R08/25), as printed on the cover), read 2026-10-12
- Maine: Maine Driver's License Manual (Rev 4/24, as printed in the page footers), read 2026-10-12
- Maryland: Maryland Driver's Manual (DL-002) (October 2025 Edition, DL-002 (10-25)), read 2026-10-12
- Massachusetts: Massachusetts Driver's Manual (Passenger Vehicles, Class D) (Revised April 2026), read 2026-10-12
- Michigan: What Every Driver Must Know (SOS-133) (October 2025), read 2026-10-12
- Minnesota: Minnesota Driver's Manual (June 2026), read 2026-10-12
- Mississippi: Mississippi Driver's License Manual (Revised December 2024 (file dated 15 January 2025; the edition linked from the Driver Service Bureau's Learner's Permit page)), read 2026-10-12
- Missouri: Missouri Driver Guide (Revised August 2026), read 2026-10-12
- Montana: Montana Driver Manual (Form 25-0100M, posted May 2026 (file '05.26'); cover reads 'Revised April 2024', back cover 'Revised November 2023'), read 2026-10-12
- Nebraska: Nebraska Driver's Manual (Class O Drivers Manual, English) (1-2025 (January 2025, as named in the file title on the DMV Manuals page; PDF last modified June 2025)), read 2026-10-12
- Nevada: Nevada Driver's Handbook (Official Driver Handbook, DMV 700) (DMV 700, March 2024), read 2026-10-12
- New Hampshire: New Hampshire Driver's Manual (DSMV 360) (DSMV 360, Rev. 11/25), read 2026-10-12
- New Jersey: New Jersey Driver Manual (2026), read 2026-10-12
- New Mexico: New Mexico Driver Manual (English) (version 11.19.19 (from the file name; no edition date is printed in the manual); PDF last modified 15 Aug 2026), read 2026-10-12
- New York: New York State Driver's Manual (MV-21) (MV-21, no printed edition date (copyright 2018; PDF file dated April 2026)), read 2026-10-12
- North Carolina: North Carolina Driver Handbook (undated print edition (foreword signed by Gov. Josh Stein and DMV Commissioner Paul Tine); PDF created 22 April 2026, last modified 11 September 2026), read 2026-10-12
- North Dakota: 2025-2027 Noncommercial Driver License Manual (Class D) (2025-2027 edition, marked "Revised 2025" (form DL0126; PDF dated January 2026)), read 2026-10-12
- Ohio: Ohio Driver Manual, Digest of Motor Vehicle Laws (online, each section dated January 26, 2024 (dates unchanged when re-read live on 12 Oct 2026)), read 2026-10-12
- Oklahoma: Oklahoma Driver Manual (Updated 11/24/25 (copyright 2025, Service Oklahoma)), read 2026-10-12
- Oregon: Oregon Driver Manual (2026-2027 (Form 735-37, revision 1-26)), read 2026-10-12
- Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Driver's Manual (PUB 95) (PUB 95 (4-21), English version), read 2026-10-12
- Rhode Island: Rhode Island Driver's Manual (April 2024 (date on the cover)), read 2026-10-12
- South Carolina: South Carolina Driver's License Manual (2025 edition (SCDMV file deposited with the South Carolina State Library, issued 2025-09-02; the prior edition was revised 06/2024)), read 2026-10-12
- South Dakota: South Dakota Driver License Manual (Revised 11/2024 (as printed on p. 71); PDF file last modified June 30, 2026), read 2026-10-12
- Tennessee: Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual (Information stated as current as of July 1, 2022 (PDF file last modified March 13, 2025)), read 2026-10-12
- Texas: Texas Driver Handbook (DPS form DL-7) (Revised January 2026 (as printed on the handbook); read from the Internet Archive copy of this exact DPS URL because DPS's server could not be reached), read 2026-10-12
- Utah: Utah Driver Handbook (AAMVA Model Non-Commercial) (2026 (opens with "New 2026 Laws", effective May 6, 2026)), read 2026-10-12
- Vermont: Vermont Driver's Manual (VN-007) (2025 (cover); footer reads VN-007 07/2024), read 2026-10-12
- Virginia: Virginia Driver's Manual (DMV 39) (online, undated (no date printed; the PDF's file properties say April 2026)), read 2026-10-12
- Washington: Washington Driver Guide (plain-text PDF edition) (online, undated; the plain-text PDF's file date is 1 July 2025, and the same file (unchanged) was still being served in July 2026), read 2026-10-12
- West Virginia: West Virginia Driver's Licensing Handbook (Revised 07/2026 (cover); PDF dated 4 Aug 2026), read 2026-10-12
- Wisconsin: Wisconsin Motorists' Handbook (BDS126) (2026), read 2026-10-12
- Wyoming: Rules of the Road: State of Wyoming Driver License Manual (Class C) (2021), read 2026-10-12
The test formats and permit rules are also in data.txt, one per line.